Building an Energy Efficient House - 569 Words

In the 21st Century, one of the most talked about topic is that of global warming as well as the impacts that it has on the environment. In particular, the reason why global warming has become a popular subject is because the devastating effects of global warming have been felt and witnessed than before. For instance, heat waves that have been experience on various occasions have been attributed to the increased emission of greenhouse gases. In that perspective, I will in this essay explain how I intend to build an energy efficient house that I will be living in so that I can have positive impact to the environment by leaving in a house that has less negative impact to the environment. In perspective of the size of the house, I can state that the house will have 4 bedroom, 3 bathrooms, one stair case and two garages. The area of the house will be 2,097 square feet while the house will be a cottage style. The house will mainly feature random stonework and a wood siding in order to bring cottage flavor into the house. From the lobby, pillars alert the great room that will feature cathedral ceilings; screened porch access as well as a fireplace with surroundings buildings. The kitchen will also have the cathedral ceilings. Other main aspects of the house include fireplace, front porch, and optional bonus space, side-loading, formal dining room and greeting or gathering room. In view of the greenhouse features, the house will be built by materials that can be classified asShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Climate Change : Dr. Johnsons House1463 Words   |  6 Pagesemission of green house gases (GHG). As a consequence governments worldwide are working towards implementing legislation to reduce these effects, one of which is to encourage people to make properties more sustainable. The focus here will be on Dr Johnson’s house, which is a 300 year old townhouse located within the City of London at 17 Gough Square, London, EC4A 3DE (see Appendix 1 for location). This old property has had little done to it to reduce GHG. As it will be sold to house an administrativeRead MoreWhat Is Reference In Research1336 Words   |  6 Pagesyour Research 1: Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, (2017), Energy Consumption in the UK (ECUK) 2017, GOV.UK, p21-26, Date accessed (08/10/17). 29% of final energy consumption (energy consumed after transformation) was attributed to the domestic sector. This is a total of 40046ktoe (kilotons of oil), equivalent to 466TWhrs. 80% of this energy was used for water and space heating, the rest being used for appliances. While overall energy demand is increasing, electricity consumptionRead MoreProducts Appliances : Equipment And Appliances Have Been Targeted By The Most Common Measure Of Labelling Essay1165 Words   |  5 Pagesmeasure of labelling and MEPS which is one of the cost effective way to penetrate more and more energy efficient appliances in the market. Despite lot of efforts there is still lot of potential in the existing building sector to make it more energy efficient and sustainable buildings. IPCC estimates that, by 2022, carbon-di-oxide emission from using energy efficient products and appliances in the buildings can help to reduce by 29% at no major cost (Levine, M., D. ÃÅ"rge-Vorsatz, K. Blok, L. Geng, D.Rea d MoreMy Vision And Mission Of Green Builders901 Words   |  4 PagesOur Vision Mission At Green Builders our mission is to create energy efficient homes that have less impact on the environment. Our business model includes using renewable resources and certified materials to build and refurbish homes to create them to be sustainable, eco-friendly, and ethical. Our vision is to create a world where homes have less of an impact on the environment and believe that having a green home, or even just making green changes in a home will improve your lifestyle. The NeedRead MoreEnvironmental Pollution And Global Warming852 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems the world faces today. It is an issue that troubles us economically, physically and everyday of our lives in any field such as construction of buildings. This  ¬express the need of green buildings which is an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed and operated to minimise the total environmental impacts. By using these buildings people can save money, increase comfort and create healthier environments for them to live and work, using improved indoor air quality, natural daylightRead MoreHow Energy Can Be Conserved, The Fiscal Value Of Conserving Energy1104 Words   |  5 Pagestoday, energy is in high demand. Businesses and family budgets require energy efficiency in order to get their money’s worth. Technology is being constantly developed to help make our energy sources more efficient. More efficient lighting, like LED light bulbs are being produced to conser ve energy, along with more efficient vehicles. Some of these technologies are more readily implemented, and affordable than others, but efforts are still being made to make the world a more energy-efficient placeRead More Ancient Solar Architecture Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagesreality it’s more of a modern revival of a style of energy efficient building that has been around for millennia. What once seemed to be common sense ideas for designing a house that could both keep you cool in the summer and warm in the winter has somehow been forgotten since we started to overuse the planet’s resources on our own comforts. When heating a house took lots of effort it was the wise choice to design a building that could use the energy provided by the sun in the most advantageous waysRead MoreEssay on The Energy Star Home1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Energy Star Home The Energy Star label is awarded to products that promote energy-efficiency. New homes have been included in the Energy Star Program. Energy Star products must be at least 30% more energy-efficient than current regulations demand. The same energy requirements apply to the Energy Star Home as well. Such areas on a home that are targeted for improvement include: framing, ducts, windows, insulation, and HVAC. Although, the energy star program includes appliances andRead MoreThe Effects Of Carbon Emissions On The Environment And The Health Of Humans931 Words   |  4 Pagesattention. Houses and buildings are constantly being changed to enhance them. Through these changes, people will have a better environment. This is the reason why I want to become an architect. I want to be able to make a change in our own homes. Eco friendly housing is my objective. These homes will incorporate environmentally friendly ideas throughout the house. They will also include a vast amount of sunligh t to limit the amount of lighting needed. I believe this is a great way to help make houses moreRead MoreINTRODUCTION Since the start of the industrial age, people have made revolutionary changes in1100 Words   |  5 Pagesenvironmentally harmful without being cost-effective. One of the latter is the building materials that have replaced the old yet sustainable one which is earth. The specific purpose of this report is to explain how earth homes can be a sustainable solution in the 21st century and to identify and describe the important and unique features of homes made out of earth. I. PROBLEMS WITH CURRENT BUILDING MATERIALS The main conventional building materials, which are concrete and steel, have some major problems. First

Pros And Cons Of Doctor Of Nursing Practice - 997 Words

Pros and cons of Doctor of Nursing Practice Pros In the article written by Ford, (2009), the doctorate of nursing practice (DNP) has an important role to play in the current health care system which is constantly changing. As healthcare around the world is transforming, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2011 report mentioned that in the United States, Advanced practice nurses play a vital role in the rapid complex changes based on the full extent of their education and training. This article describes some of the positive role of the advance practice Nurse as a facilitator in the regulatory and policy developments. The Advance practice nurse participates and provide cost-effective care models that will improve the access and quality of care of the population. Another positive area for the APN in this current healthcare system is health promotion, health maintenance, and prevention. In this evolving health care system, it gives the Advance practice nurse the opportunity to set up acute and primary care settings that will positively i mpact health care delivery as they meet the needs of an expanding, aging, and chronically ill population. All over the world, the NP’s role has developed and is beneficial to health care systems and health care consumers. As Advance practice nurses we must use this great opportunity to advance our role and work with others to improve and transform health care globally. DNP graduate s role is include leadership, research, practice, education, andShow MoreRelatedHealth Care Communication Methods1225 Words   |  5 Pagesmethods. These two constructs are particularly discussed in the context of a situation when a local nursing home is to be purchased by national group and the work force in it will be affected by this administrative change. It is also expected that structural changes will take place and a new culture will be introduced. It is to be taken in special consideration that many patients who reside at nursing home will be displaced. Their shifting may occur as a big c hallenge as many of them have no acquaintancesRead MoreThe Structure Of The Nursing Department At My Office1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe structure of the nursing department at my office is pretty simple. We currently have a director of clinical services who oversees all of the nurses, aides, care, and day to day activities. She is also responsible for delegating admissions, as needed visits and organizing our weekly interdisciplinary team meeting. The director of clinical services works closely with our patient care manager who mainly does admissions, quality control things such as reviewing charts and chart audits, and helpsRead MoreThe Career That Interests Me The Most At The Present Time Is Registered Nursing1372 Words   |  6 PagesThe career that interests me the most at the present time is registered nursing (RN). It is actually a part of my current list of goals to become a registered nurse in the next four years, which is the reason I am currently attending Collin College . I am currently working in an emergency department side by side with nurses and doctors caring for patients as a paramedic. I love my job as a paramedic, but I don’t feel that I am as a much as an asset to patients as I could be being a nurse. So I haveRead MoreOrganization And Unit Mission : Vision And Values, And Shared Governance1441 Words   |  6 Pageswork. Then I will share the organization’s nursing mission and philosophy, and my individual nursing unit mission and philosophy, and my part in fulfilling the mission and philosophy. I will explain the connection between the nursing department, nursing unit, and the organization’s philosophy. Strategies that could strengthen the mission, vision and organizational structure of nursing will also be given. Lastly, I will describe the structure of the nursing department where I work, including how itRead MoreEuthanasi The Issue Of Euthanasia1427 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment made by Turpan Raluca Access to nursing Euthanasia: The main purpose of this essay is to focus on the controversy surrounding the issue of euthanasia and analyse the pros and cons arguments regarding euthanasia. This essay will aim to analyse in further details the complexity of the matter regarding euthanasia and will argue the pros and cons of euthanasia and will also debate the major impact that legalising euthanasiaRead MoreManaged Care2810 Words   |  12 Pagesunnecessary procedures, and less paper work. Some issues with managed care include limitation on doctors that patients can choose from, restricted coverage, the possibility of under treatment, and compromised privacy. Managed care effects nursing by causing significantly few jobs for registered nurses, more opportunities in non-acute health care settings, and more use of advanced practice nursing. Managed Care With the economy in shambles and the rising cost of health care, many people are turningRead MoreEuthanasia, Mercy Killing, And Euthanasia1101 Words   |  5 Pagesagree with the concept. I know that there are people who are completely against it, and there are those that would consider it in certain situations. By covering this topic maybe I can share some light on the pros of euthanasia for those against it. Euthanasia by definition is the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy. Now I ask you, who would not want this choice? If someone you know or love wasRead MoreCareer Project : Career Projects Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pages30 November, 2016 Career Project Typically, when someone hears ‘medical field’, automatically you think of people with white lab coats and a stethoscope around their neck ready to take your vitals. Obviously this comes to mind because these doctors and surgeons are the face of the medical field, but in reality there is so much more. There are actually about 300 different occupations one can have in the health care field. A large part of that is nurses. Nurses are the basis of the medical field;Read MoreParents And Children Should Not Have Vaccinations1330 Words   |  6 Pagesyou take it once and you are protected for life (Pros and Cons, 2015). These diseases from other countries can be brought back into the United States and cause an outbreak of diseases. Other people believe vaccinations are 90%-95% effective, but there is still 5% that can still come in contact with the disease (Pros and Cons, 2015). They think it doesn’t capture the illness and immunity lasts longer if created by natural circumstances (Pros and Cons, 2015). Some schools require certain vaccinationsRead MoreEuthanasia Persuasive Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesin is a very selective process. If the scope of the countries that can administer euthanasia become larger and more importantly legal, the groups of patients that it’s available to could widen. The practice of euthanasia could also become more difficult to manage; in the Netherlands, doctors can practice euthanasia as long as they follow established guidelines and regulations. Over the last two decades, Dutch law and medicine has evolved to the point where euthanasia is not just accepted, but it has

Godrej Industrial Safety Essay Example For Students

Godrej Industrial Safety Essay SARASWATI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MASTER OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES. Research paper: (Research Methodology Project) Title: Case Study On Godrej Industrial Safety Guide: Prof. Priyadarshini Poddar Name of Author: Chetan Jagtap Date: 22nd February 2010 ABSTRACT Man and machine are two important ingredient of industrial safety. Men need machine which many times bring hazard and accidents this has created the need of industrial safety. It is more important to minimize or eliminate the contact between men and machine are the product of engineering and therefore engineeri-ng occupies the pioneering place in industrial safety. The Project objective is to learn and practically implement the industrial safety theory. To study and analyze safety activities and performance existing in the plant. The purpose of this project is to analyze the accident rate of the plant various safety practices used by the company. Personal Protective Equipment Safe practices is the key to eliminate the hazard accident. The primary data collected from Godrej plant Safety Report. INTRODUCTION TO SAFETY IN ENGINEERING INDUSTRY Man and machine are to important ingredient of industrial safety. Men need machine which many times bring hazard and accidents this has created the need of industrial safety. It is more important to minimize or eliminate the contact between men and machine machine are the product of engineering and therefore engineering occupies the pioneering place in industrial safety. Without engineering industries no machine and no mass production is possible. Section 14, 21 to 26, 28 to 35, 87, 88, and IVA of factory act 1948 and rule made under these section by Gujarat factories rule provides safety measures machinery, processes, and accidents. The provision are for safety from dust , machinery in motion, power cutting devices, self acting machine, carrier of new machinery, hoist and lifts, lifting machine, revolving machine, floor, stairs, means of access, excessive weight, protection of eyes and hazardous processes in ferrous and non ferrous metallurgical industries and foundries, core industries, grinding or glazzing of metal , electroplating of metal. Godrej at a Glance†¦ In the year 1997, Godrej Boyce celebrated their centenary year. This dynamic organization has progressed tremendously since its inception and has been gaining strength consistently. Quality is the hallmark of the all the Godrej products and any product with the Godrej mark represent quality, dependability satisfaction to its customers. What now is a gainful industrial organization was a brainchild of Mr. Ardeshir Godrej, which through the help dedicated men with tremendous foresight and finely honed engineering and marketing skills, has become one of the biggest houses in India. His brother Mr. Phirozshah Godrej under his leadership the organization grew and diversified further carried on the founders pioneering work. In 1905 Godrej built his first safe thus vetting foot in to the security equipment business which at eight years from its century has become 100 crores turnover division with almost no competition in the Indian market and global presence in this field. Former expansion came in 1923 with the introduction of steel shelves with industrialization growing at a brisk space need for office equipment like chairs, tables, filing cabinets and movable partition system, etc. was felt in 1937. In 1955, started the production of one item without which no office in India could be completed The Typewriters. This indigenously built all Indian typewriters has made Godrej one of the leading manufactures of typewriters in India. Realizing todays need this branch has also set foot in the field of electronics typewriter, projectors and basic models of word processor. The next Godrej product to sweep the Indian market was the steel cupboard in 1958. This product to have become a regular sight in houses homes. This was then followed by another product, which passed many a milestone since its conception and which to have become a household name The Godrej Refrigerator. The manufacture of a range of hospital furniture. The steel locks for Libraries in 1936, designed to keep up with modern library methods, canteens equipment made to the latest design in 1951 and auditorium chairs in 1954, make contribution of Godrej to national welfare. In 1953, Godrej started manufacturing tools crib and cabinets for systematic adaptable, fully accessible storage. In order to keep up with modern with growing needs of industries, Godrej entered another progressive phase in 1957 with manufacture of ink tool for internal as well as external use. The first Godrej Mechanical Press Breaks were made in 1942 and son almost every plant at Godrej was using this. The long life, quality and performance at these miles are reflected in the excellence of Godrej products. In 1960, in collaboration with M/s. Clart International, started the manufacturing of Forklift trucks, both types which can be operated by fuel and electric with capacity ranging from one ton to sixteen tones which have item and again proved there worth as a rigged and versatile material handling equipment with the field of welding technology gaining importance and recognition Godrej has setup one of the most modernized units for the fabrication of large pressure vessels and other equipment. The most recent achievement by Godrej was made when it acquired the ISO 9000, ISO 9001 and ISO 14000 certificate which former reinforced the rest of not only the Indian market but also the global market in the product of Godrej. Today Godrej employee over 15,000 people and has grown in to a multi-crores professionally managed group with far reaching service and distribution network. Economy and Services† are being the main motto of Godrej they have already diversified in to field of Indian industry thus helping in the economic growth of the country. Production range of the Company at Vikhroli†¦ |Plant No. Name of the Plant / Division |Product | | | | | |1 |Steel Processing Plant |Steel Al blanks | | | | | |2 |GODREJ Appliances Limited |Refrigerators, etc; | | |O. E. Division (Furniture Business) | | |3 | |Furniture | | |GODREJ Applications Limited | | |4 | | | | |Tool Room Division | | |5 | |External Internal jobs | | |Storage | | |7 | | | | |Machine Tool Division | | |8 | |Presses Press Tool | | |O. E. Division (Storewel Business) | | |9 | |Stonewell | | |Stonewell solution Business | | |10 | |Storage solutions | | |O. E. Division (Furniture Business) | | |11 | |Chairs | | |Precision Equipment Division | | |12 | Reactors, Pressure vessels, | | |Material Handling Equipment Division |Fork Lift Trucks | |13 | | | | |Security Equipment Division | | | | |Security equipments | |14 | |Like Safes, Strong Doors, Avanti Doors, etc. | | | | | | |Locks | | |Locks Division | | | | | | |15 | | | | | | | | | | | OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLO RESEARCH METHODOLOGY : Research can be defined as a systemized effort to gain new knowledge. A research is carried out by different methodologies which have their own pros and cons. Research methodology is a way to solve research in study and solving research problems along with logic behind them are defined through research methodology. Thus while talking about research methodologies we are not only talking of research methods but also consider the logic behind the methods. We are in context of our research studies and explain why it is being used a particular method or technique and why the others are not used. So that research result is capable of being evaluated either by researcher himself or by others. ASSUMPTIONS: 1. It has been assumed that sample of 25 workers represents the whole population. 2. The information given by the workers of Godrej is unbiased. COLLECTION OF DATA: This research is solely based on primary research done by means of questionnaires targeted to workers. The sample size is 25. Survey has been conducted in Godrej at Vikhroli. Referred Various Books links related to Industrial Safety Godrej industry. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH OBJECTIVE QUESTIONNAIRE PREPARATION REASEARCH METHOD QUALITATIVE METHOD (QUESTIONNAIRE) DATA INTERPRETATION DATA ANALYSIS CONCLUSION Introduction to Plant – 17 Plant no. 17 is one of the plants of the O. E. Division (Office Equipment Division). O. E. Division is the biggest division in Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. Under the O. E. Division falls business like: †¢ Office Furniture Business. †¢ Security Equipment Business. †¢ Storewel. †¢ Strong Solutions Group. Steel Procurement Plant. Plant no. 17 is manufacturing the Security Equipments. Godrej is the first Indian Company to manufacture safes of quality comparable to that other well-known international makes. If viewed from a board perspective plant-17 consists of mainly two divisions, Manufacturing and Marketing. The manufacturing line mainly consists of the assemblies. They are: †¢ Assembly I (RPE Group) †¢ Assembly II (SDLC Group) †¢ Assembly III (Safe Group) †¢ Assembly IV (Strong Door) †¢ Assembly V (Avanti home security doors/Fire Doors) †¢ Assembly VI (ATM) Various Products manufactured in Plant 17 are: †¢ Defender Plus Safes †¢ Strong Door Safe Deposit Locker Cabinet †¢ Fire Resisting Record Cabinet and Filling Cabinet †¢ Dataline datasafe,Dataline ‘M’,Matrix safe †¢ Avanti Home Security Doors ( Recently introduced in market) †¢ Electronic Safes SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The main function of the safety department is to advice assists the management in the fulfilment of its obligation concerning prevention of personal injuries and maintaining safe working environment. The safety department conducts various training programme s for the employees assists the management in functioning of safety committee. General safety training such as Basic Principles of Accident prevention, Fire fighting prevention, Housekeeping etc. is given to all employees. The specific training such as Welding safety, Safety in power presses etc. is given to the employees performing specific work. The purchase department is advised in the matter relating to selection of personal protective equipment. The departments of the plant are advised in planning organising measures necessary for the effective control of personal injuries. Company’s OCCUPATINAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICY: Our management firmly believes that people constitute the principal asset of our business and industry. A company can gain competitive advantage by supplying superior products services. The Necklace EssayNO |YEAR |2005-2006 |2006-2007 |2007-2008 | |1 |REPORTABLE |8 |3 |1 | |2 |NON REPORTABLE |56 |69 |50 | Analysis based on TIME |SR. No |Year |7. 00-9. 00 |9. 00-11. 00 |11. 30-13. 00 |13. 00-14. 00 |14. 00-15. 30 |IInd shift | |1. |2005-06 |15 |18 |9 |7 |3 |5 | |2. |2006-07 |15 |21 |6 |12 |4 |8 | |3. |2007-08 |13 |13 |7 |6 |4 |7 | OBSERVATION: 1. It is observed that most of the accident had taken place early in the morning session. It might be because the workers are not that active in morning session as compare to later part of the day. 2. The reason for the accident may be to the negligence, inadequate knowledge, or due to the unsafe act to complete the job before time. 3. Accident may be due to poor illumination during night shift or in the work place. SUGGESTION: 1. The work area should be properly illuminated. 2. Before getting to the job in morning their should be a practice of making the workers some sort of exercise so that they should be alert at the time of job. 3. Standard operating procedure should be given to carry out the job. 4. If required the workers should be given frequent intervals for rest. Accident analysis based on FR, SR, FSI SR NO |YEAR |FR |SR |FSI | |1. |2003-2204 |5 |153 |1 | |2. |2006-2007 |1. 81 |63. 98 |0. 34 | |3. |2007-2008 |0 |0 |0 | Accident analysis based on Body part injury wise | |Body Part | Year |Face |Finger |Leg |Arm |Head |Wrist |Chest |Elbow |Back |Abdomen | |2005-2006 |3 |37 |9 |4 |5 |1 |1 |2 |1 |1 | |2006-2007 |3 |41 |11 |7 |5 |2 |0 |1 |1 |1 | |2007-2008 |3 |28 |6 |9 |3 |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 | | HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ANALYSIS ( HIRA) Before implementation of OHSAS 18001 accident investigation is done after an accident happens. But in OHSAS 18001 Hazard Identification Risk Analysis is done before an accident happens. HIRA Chart (Hazard Identification Risk Analysis) visualizes possible hazards involved in each activity done by the workmen. This helps in minimizing or completely eliminating the hazards, before any accident occurs. ? ACCIDENT: It is any unplanned, undesirable unaccepted incident, which causes damage or injury within or out of plant. TYPES OF ACCIDENT: 1) Reportable accident 2) Non-reportable accident 3) Near miss accident INCIDENT : An incident is an event which realizes the damage potential of a hazard. Obviously, an incident has to be relevan t to the hazard. Incidents can be quite simple, but often they are complex, with a number of events combining to cause the incident. For example, an escape of corrosive substance could, under different consequences lead to: ? Human exposure ? Environmental exposure ? Equipment exposure and we could construct event trees which would describe events leading to any of these three. Incidents cannot only vary in type but in frequency, and in risk analysis the frequencies and the probabilities of events leading to an incident are assessed to determine risk. CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION : Though the safety standards of Godrej And Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd fulfill the requirement, the safety system may be improved by adopting certain recommendations. Following are the points, which are recommended: ? Safety induction training should be given to each and every workers. ? Work permit system should be strictly followed. ? PPE should be provided to each and every employee. ? To improve moral and efficiency of workers by creating safe environment. Looking to huge strength of departmental and central employees, more number of training programmed in safety, first aid and motivation need to be conducted frequently to cover each employee of organization. ? More number of safety posters, films, and design boards are required to be displayed to create interest of workers in safety. ? Short cut methods, improper use of tools, tackles, etc. should be discouraged by one and all. ? Checklist should be developed for all activities and items of work involved in plant. ? Only authorized workers should be allowed to drive the fork lift trucks. ? Safety suggestion box shall be provided in each section for getting better feed back/ suggestion about the safety issues related to the plant from the workers. ANNEXRE : (QUESTIONAIRE FOR WORKERS) Name: . Company Name: . 1) If you come across a hazard in your workplace, you do not need to report it unless you are a member of the Safety Committee or are the dedicated Safety Officer. TRUE or FALSE 2) You should always take time to assess hazards when starting in a new workplace. TRUE or FALSE 3) Good housekeeping is everyone’s responsibility. TRUE or FALSE 4) Laying electrical cords in water is OK as they work better when wet. TRUE or FALSE 5) It is ok to place an item in the way of a fire exit as long as you remove it within 24hrs. TRUE or FALSE 6) Every injury must be reported to your supervisor AND Advantage Recruitment. TRUE or FALSE 7) If an object is too difficult to handle, you should use mechanical aids or ask for help. TRUE or FALSE 8) Drugs and Alcohol are prohibited in work places. TRUE or FALSE 9) It is OK to enter a confined space if you don’t hold a confined space ticket, as long as you are very careful and have seen someone do it before. TRUE or FALSE 10) Your shift has finished, but just before you leave you spill something on the floor, you should: ) Ask a workmate to please clean it up when they get a spare minute. b) Immediately display ‘Caution, wet floor’ sign, clean up the mess thoroughly and ensure the area is safe before you leave. c) Leave it for someone else to clean up and hope that no one notices it was you that made the mess in the first place. 11) What does MSDS stand for? a) Material Safety Data Sheet b) Mass Storage Device System c) Manual System of Dangerous Substances 12) If you find one of your co-workers being electrocuted, what should you do? a) Call for assistance and wait for the electrocution to cease. b) Don’t touch the person, isolate the supply and obtain assistance ) Pull the person away from the electrocution device, pour water over it in order to eliminate the chance of it catching on fire, then seek assistance for your co-worker. 13) What does PPE stand for? a) Professional Paid Employment b) It does not stand for anything. It is another name for a hard hat. c) Personal Protective Equipment 14) Under what circumstance can you remove your hearing protection when in a noisy area that has signs posted stating hearing protection must be worn? a) If you are talking to a fellow employee and are having troubles hearing them. b) If it starts to get uncomfortable, as all safety equipment should fit comfortably. ) Under no circumstance. Removing your hearing protection in a noisy environment for even a short amount of time can cause damage. ? BIBLIOGRAPHY: I thank the following people for providing valuable information guidance WEBSITES : 1) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Godrej_Group 2) www. godrej. com 3) http://www. new. godrej. com/godrej/GodrejAppliances/index. aspx 4) www. godrejinfotech. com Legal Core Group  ¦ Safety Dept  ¦ Maintenance Dept  ¦ Paint Shop  ¦ Stores Disposal Dept. OHS Head Employee Rep Head Legal Core Group Assoc. Mgr Safety CFS Head – Safety Committee Vice President Division Head (Security Equipment Division) DEB Exec. Director President PDL SAFETY INSPECTION Inspection should be carried out after every one or two section by management team. Safety officer/engineer should have an inspection of every section on every day. Preparation of safety inspection report explaining to concerned engineer/supervisor submission of that report to the section manager. Fatal accident Reportable accidents Non Reportable Accidents Near misses or First Aid Shrinking the base by eliminating Unsafe behaviours and †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦ Shrinking the height by establishing Inherently safer processes and 1 30 300 3,000 30000 Hazards : Unsafe Act Unsafe Condition

M16 Rifle and Higher Headquarters Essay Example

M16 Rifle and Higher Headquarters Essay Battle Drill 07-309502 React to Ambush (Near) TASK: React to Ambush (Near) (07-309502). CONDITIONS: (Dismounted/Mounted) The unit is moving tactically, conducting operations. The enemy initiates contact with direct fire within hand grenade range. All or part of the unit is receiving accurate enemy direct fire. This drill begins when the enemy initiates ambush within hand grenade range. STANDARDS: (Dismounted) Soldiers in the kill zone immediately return fire on known or suspected enemy positions and assault through the kill zone. Soldiers not n the kill zone locate and place well-aimed suppressive fire on the enemy. The unit assaults through the kill zone and destroys the enemy. (Mounted) Vehicle gunners immediately return fire on known or suspected enemy positions as the unit continues to move out of the kill zone. Soldiers on disabled vehicles in the kill zone dismount, occupy covered positions, and engage the enemy with accurate fire. Vehicle gunners and Soldiers outside the kill zone suppress the enemy. The unit assaults through the kill zone and destroys the enemy. The unit leader reports the contact to higher headquarters. ILLUSTRATIONS: Figures D9502-1 to -3. TASK STEPS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES: 1 . Dismounted (see Figure D9502-1 Figure D9502-1. React to ambush (near) (dismounted). a. Soldiers in the kill zone execute one of the following two actions: Return fire immediately. If cover is not available, immediately, without order or signal, assault through the kill zone. (2) Return fire immediately. If cover is available, without order or signal, occupy the nearest covered position, and throw smoke grenades. We will write a custom essay sample on M16 Rifle and Higher Headquarters specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on M16 Rifle and Higher Headquarters specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on M16 Rifle and Higher Headquarters specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer See Figure D9502-2. ) Figure D9502-2. React to ambush (near) (dismounted) (continued). b. Soldiers in the kill zone assault through the ambush using fire and movement. c. Soldiers not in the kill zone identify the enemy location, place well-aimed suppressive fire on the enemys position and shift fire as Soldiers assault the objective. d. Soldiers assault through and destroy the enemy position. (See Figure D9502-3. ) Figure D9502-3. React to ambush (near) (dismounted) (continued). e. The unit leader reports the contact to higher headquarters. Mounted a. Vehicle gunners in the kill zone immediately return fire, while moving out of the kill zone. b. Soldiers in disabled vehicles in the kill zone immediately obscure themselves from the enemy with smoke, dismount if possible, seek covered positions, and return fire. c. Vehicle gunners and Soldiers outside of the kill zone identify the enemy positions, place well-aimed suppressive fire on the enemy, and shift fire as Soldiers assault the o bjective. d. Soldiers in the kill zone assault through the ambush and destroy the enemy. e. The unit leader reports the contact to higher Supporting Individual Tasks 071-010-0006 step l. a. (l) Engage Targets with an M249 Machine Gun 071-025-0007 Engage Targets with an M240B Machine Gun 071-030-0004 Step 2. a. Engage Targets with an MK 19 Machine Gun 071-054-0004 Step 2. b. Engage Targets with an M136 Launcher 071-100-0003 Engage Targets with an M4 or M4A1 Carbine 071-311-2007 Engage Targets with an M16-Series Rifle 071-311-2130 Engage Targets with an M203 Grenade Launcher 071-313-3454 Engage Targets with a Caliber . 50 M2 Machine Gun 071-325-4407 tep 1. . (2) Employ Hand Grenades 071-326-0501 Step l. b Move as a Member of a Fire Team 071-326-0502 Move Under Direct Fire 071-326-0513 Select Temporary Fighting Positions 071-326-0608 Step 2. e. Use Visual Signaling Techniques 071-326-5606 Step l. c. Select an Overwatch Position 071-410-0002 React to Direct Fire While Mounted 113-571-1022 Step 1 . e. Perform Voice Communications Supporting Products The Infantry Rifle Platoon an d Squad (FM 3-21. 8) The SBCT Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad (FM 3-21. 9) The Warrior Ethos and Soldier combat Skills (FM 3-21. 75)

Reflective Paper on Personal and Organizational Ethics an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Reflective Paper on Personal and Organizational Ethics Work places are said to be the real world after attaining a certain degree in education. People look after the careers by which they can be able to apply what they have learned from their past education and specifications. In the working life of many people, there are circumstances by which we encounter others that might have different perspectives than us. There can be conflicts arising due to the diversity of norms and social aspects that we are used to. With this, personal ethics might come into action that will solve or worsen the problem or difficulty in the work place.Personal ethics and values are important for individual evaluation. These are necessary in the achievement of personal, organizational and societal goals and mission. Mission and vision should also be present in order for us to be stable personally and professionally. This paper contains an analysis and evaluation of personal and professional ethics and values. Need essay sample on "Reflective Paper on Personal and Organizational Ethics" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Personal Ethics, Mission and Vision Statement In his book, What Makes a Leader, Toler (2006) stated that leaders may not have all the answers to every single problem that we may encounter. He also added: Leadership isnt about showing people how energetic, enthusiastic, or entrepreneurial you are. Its about gaining enough knowledge and wisdom to move people and plans from obscurity to excellence. Leaders are always on a learning curve. They know they havent arrived until theyve shown someone else by their example how to be the best they can be. Doing the right thing this is my guiding light in fulfilling any task. An ancient adage states that, If its worth doing, its worth doing right. I firmly believe that doing the right thing is more important than doing things right. Correct methodology without the proper motives is shallow at best and evil at worst. A person who knows how to link motives with methods are the most qualified to be a leader. Affirmation and proper support is an essential skill that must be possessed by a leader or a manager. Everyone has an innate need to be valued, recognized, or included. To be effective in the fulfilment of any task, it should be recognized that a pat on the back has enough force to propel an associate towards excellence. Vision is necessary in order to get to a desired end. We should have an eye, not only pointed at the horizon, but also beyond it. The Holy Bible states that Without vision, people perish. I believe that status quo should be set as a springboard for further improvements and innovations. Priority is also an essential guide in any personal undertaking. In order to be an effective individual, one should be able to do the important things first. Therefore, one must have the skill to differentiate tasks and order them according to importance. I personally believe that being able to decide which tasks are truly important to the achievement of a goal is essential in carrying out any personal or professional responsibility. Careful selection must be undertaken and this is an important mark of leadership. Credibility has its prerequisites. And being credible enough is important for any individual with goals and mission. Telling the truth is one thing, but being believed is another. And credibility is needed to be believed and trusted by other people. Consistency is the key to be trustworthy and credible in the eyes of other people.Having great ideas is good, but taking action is rather essential. Actions should be based on the knowledge of available resources. One should refuse to commit if the cause has no obvious means of support. No one will truly trust someone who is selfish. An effective person does not care about the laurels or the accolades; he/she displays that seldom-seen virtue of humility. Putting the mission above ones own desires is paramount towards achieving respect. A person with a small ego is treated highly by other people. A person who desires to lead should know how to evaluate their efforts. One should be able to listen to criticisms without taking offense. For as long as the direction is clear, criticisms can only propel an effective person towards his/her objectives at a faster rate.Discipline and self control are my personal advocacies. Work habits can only be established when these traits exist. These are precursors of dependability, punctuality, consistency, and trustworthiness. Discipline should never be an option but an obligation. Any task requires a steady and sustained effort necessary to accomplish a mission or reach an end. Organizations Workplace Values My organization has a definite set of workplace code of ethics I should adhere to. My organization requires me to recognize and practice professionalism in any task I perform. According to Timmerhaus et al. (2004), in any professional activity, professionals are obliged to pursue their profession with the highest level of ethical behaviour.Above anything else, I believe that the publics safety and welfare should be the topmost consideration in the course of performance of my duty as a professional. Employers and clients should be always informed of the implications and consequences of my professional duties, and assure that my professional duties would not have any adverse effect to the health, safety, and welfare of the public. We should be accountable to the general public for they are any companys bread and butter. The very reason why there is any professional duty is the existence of the general public. We as professionals should take the public as the primary consideration in the undertaking of any professional task, whether it is small or large scale.I firmly believe that I should accept responsibility for my actions and recognize other peoples contributions. Taking full responsibility is essential for this is an important gauge for accountability. This will assure that I will not perform professional tasks half-heartedly. And likewise, I recognize other peoples contributions and I will not take other peoples merits. In any work I perform, I would strive to ask for other professionals critical review. I am not perfect, thus, there is nothing wrong with seeking review. This will help me improve my work as a professional, thus making me more eligible to perform larger and more pressing tasks. When other professionals ask me to do such, I would offer objective criticism to their works. All statements I issue and information I present would be bound by objectivity and truthfulness. In the same way as I would like to receive comments that are impartial and free of bias, thus I would issue statements bounded by such premises as well. In the best of my ability, I do my tasks for my employers and clients in the most professional manner, and I treat them as trustees. I clearly define my purpose and role as a professional, so as to avoid conflicts of interest. Conflicts of interest should be avoided because it would be detrimental not just for the welfare of the company, but also to the public. Roles and purpose, when clearly defined will pave the way towards utmost professionalism and objectivity. I treat all my co-professionals and co-workers impartially, keeping in mind than all of them have unique contributions and capabilities. I am also unique, and I have ways of my own. And just like others, I seek to be respected. Therefore, I would also do the same to my colleagues and co-workers. Any relationship, professional or otherwise work two ways.I perform professional services only in areas of my competence, so that my clients, colleagues and the public would not suffer from the consequences of doing otherwise. I am completely aware of my professional capabilities, and theres no way that I will be giving comments or suggestions in fields I have little or no knowledge about. I would leave such cases to professionals who know better. My reputation as a professional would be built only on merits of my services, this I recognize. Thus, I do my best in performing any task designated to me. Professional development and trainings are essential for these will hone my skills and add to my knowledge as a professional. Seminars, symposiums and conventions are important in the growth of a professional. Throughout my career, I will be attending such trainings. Organizational Aims and Social Responsibility Any organization or company has different social responsibilities and societal goals. Any service or product are being produced and released in the market not only for profit, but also to reach an end, complying with standards holding health, safety and welfare of the public as the primary consideration.There are long term and short term aims. Among the long term aim are the improvement of quality of life and preserving peace and order. These are prerequisites of attaining one world. Maintaining an environment conducive to learning and progress is another long term goal any organization should aspire for. For example, a company has a role in generating income for the government through taxes. We know where taxes go, and in general, these are for the general services for the public. Contributing towards a stable national economy would serve one of the most important social responsibilities a company can fulfil. Assuring the public of quality services and goods is another social responsibility. This is a way of giving the public whats due to the public. Another thing, the companys credibility lies in the quality of the goods and services it is able to render.Generating jobs for people is also one important organizational aim. As far as I am concerned, it is the duty of the government to have companies that will cater the need for decent jobs. Populations with a big percentage of the non-working force may, at some points, be inefficient when it comes to generating income particularly for the nations economy. Being able to do so will also contribute to a healthy economy. Organizations Ethical Analysis According to McGinn (1991), any ethical issue or conflict, whether or not they are connected to developments in science and technology, can be analyzed and clarified putting into consideration four factors pertinent to ethical decision and judgment making about actions, practices, and policies. Let us examine some portion of the book taking to account some real life situations. First are the facts of matter. The facts of the situation underlying or surrounding the conflict in question should be considered. Any ethical principle should be ascertained as to whether or not any persuasive accounts of the facts of matter are developed by neutral parties. Thus, comments and feedback from other non-conflicting affiliations should be considered and carefully taken into account. Facts are essential in gathering the reasons, strategies and methods in order to make some plans of the organization possible. Another methodology employed by any organization is the consideration of affected parties with a legitimate stake in the outcome of any principle being or about to be employed. All protectable interests of any stakeholder should be delineated and the relative weights and assigned free of bias.Identification of key concepts, criteria and principles in terms of which the ethical principle to be assessed is formulated is another consideration.The fourth type of assessment method employed is that ethical principles often involve two quite distinct kinds of decision making theories and arguments. Professional Ethics I Affirm Ethical principles are directly related with the personal conduct for these are essential in the upholding and advancing integrity, honour, and dignity of the profession.I affirm my companys thrust in upholding and advancing the integrity, honour, and dignity of the profession by being honest and impartial and serving with loyalty and fidelity our employers, our clients, and the public. My organizational ethics require me to strive in increasing the competence and prestige of my profession and be able to use my knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare. No organizational structure is perfect, though. Change in culture can be implemented for as long as the purpose, mission, vision, and objectives are clear. The points that can be changed may be further improved if the pertinent issues are to be discussed, analyzed and considered.According to Hartness and Eskelin (1993) in The 24-Hour Turn-Around, if one does not know where he/she is headed, he/she will never recognize the destination even when he/she gets there. In order to achieve desired organizational culture change, goals must be set and specific means should be drafted in order to get to the needed end. Goals set should be specific and workable. One will never know how to get a task done if he/she does not have specific goals. Likewise, such goals should be measurable. Quantitative means of measure are often more reliable than qualitative ones. It is important to aim for things that have high purpose, but being able to mark progress in relation to the purpose is almost impossible. Taking responsibility, if I may reiterate is essential. One should recognize that a personal goal is his own, not anyone elses. When we commit ourselves to it, the chances of success improve enormously. References Hartness, J. And Eskelin, N. (1993) The 24-Hour Turn-Around. Baker Book House Company, Grand Rapids, MI. (p. 29-35) McGinn, R. (1991). Science, Technology, and Society. Prentice Hall Incorporated, New Jersey. Timmerhaus, K., Peters, M. And West, R. (2004). Plant Design for Chemical Engineers Fifth Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York. Toler, S. (2002). What Makes a Leader: Keys to Achieving your Goals. Cook Communications Ministry, Colorado, USA.

buy custom Military Changes Then and Now essay

buy custom Military Changes Then and Now essay Introduction To some several Americans, they have known only one part of life; being part of the military. Generations of male family members and now females have been moving from one base to another being part of the armed forces. These men and women have protected the country during times of unrest. Different changes have been effected in the military over the years. This paper will examine the military history from then and now. The changes Todays military is of course very different from that of our great grandfathers and those who came before them. Presently, there are greater options for the military members unlike in the past. The advancements come in such areas as education, the decision to allow women to hold combat positions, allowing black women to serve in the military, private sector employment. The state of housing for the military has also changed. There have been several changes throughout in terms of housing. The military housing sector has I fact advanced in great leaps and bounds. The old days barracks have been replaced with modern accommodations. These modern units are full featured installations with a sports arena and other recreational opportunities on the ground. They also contain family support areas like those in education, medicine, and counseling (Adams, G). History of the Battle Dress Uniform The Battle Dress Uniform otherwise known in short as the BDU has been used by the military and from 1981 to 2005 has been the same. Initially there were two types of the BDU which were designed for hot weather and the other for temperate weather. The hot weather type had a coat and a pant made up of 100 percent cottn while for temperate made of a nylon and cotton blend. These uniforms were criticized for easy fraying. They were later replaced in 1996 with an enhanced hot weather BDU. With constant ongoing research, better BDUs have been created. Modern BDUs for example use a dye that prevents detection from NIIC (Near Infrared Image Converters) which helps soldiers to avoid detection by allowing them to blend with the surrounding (Kelly, E). Over the years, the military has embraced several changes on recruitment of members to the service. Then, it was so controversial to integrate blacks into military. Things have changed so fast that now black women have, although it is a work in progress, these women can now and largely serve in the military alongside the men. And also for the first time recently, the first female submariners are now training, a great obstacle they have overcome which was unthinkable of in the past. Then the official policy of the US military since the civil war was to keep the white and Negro races segregated. In fact Negro soldiers were assigned to Negro units as they were regarded as being unsuitable for combat. But now the situation is different as even the commander in chief is a black, President Obama who is the US president. (Time CNN). The military has thus earned a reputation as a meritocracy where minorities as well as women can flourish. Another change is the repeal of the DADT policy otherwise better known as the dont ask dont tell policy. Gays and lesbians now serve openly in the military. This is a new social challenge that has not been there. In 1993, President Bill Clinton signed the US military dont ask dont tell policy that prohibited anyone demonstrate(s) a propensity or intent to engage in homosexual acts" from serving in the armed forces because "it would create an unacceptable risk to the high standards of morale, good order and discipline, and unit cohesion that are the essence of military capability." (Johnson, R.). The DADT policy banned all military lesbian, gay and bisexual members from openly serving in the military. A bill was later introduced into the house and repealing the DADT. In December 2010, the bill was passed and now all these diverse sexual oriented groups can now openly serve in the military (Religious tolerance). Last but not least we examine the military satellite communications, then and now. According to Mak King, the Military satellite communications have become so essential that the military have to use them during combats. In the past though, satellite communications was not as important as it is today. But over the years, there has been increased demand for capacity and this has called for improved satellite designs. New improved satellite communications have been developed to combat higher level crimes and this has been possible with technology advancements over the years (King, M. and Riccio, M.). Conclusion Over the years, the phase of the military has undergone leaps and bounds to change its face and its operations. Several aspects have changed over time and this include; their housing units and standards, allowing minorities and women to serve in the military and even higher ranks, lifting of the DADT which now allows gays and lesbians to serve openly in the military and last but not least is the improvement of communications tools used to combat crime and this has been made possible thanks to technology advancements. Of special interest is also the BDUs which have been changed to prevent detection from NIIC (Near Infrared Image Converters. Buy custom Military Changes Then and Now essay

Critical Theory of International Relations and Neorealism Essay

Critical Theory of International Relations and Neorealism - Essay Example Neorealism show the triumph of social control and structure in defining international relations. The international structure provides a constraint on state actions and although essentially the international structure is decentralised and anarchic, states strive for survival, security and balance of power (Dougherty 2001). Neorealism thus emphasises structural constraints over social perceptions and collective motivations and is more constrained in its explanations of IR. On the other hand, critical theories of international relations would focus on a critical study of IR which would emphasise on origin, development and nature of historical structures of IR. Critical theories of international relations are oriented to critiquing and changing society considering wide perspectives derived from Kantian and Marxian traditions which aim to consider historical and social perspectives within a theory. According to Marxist theories, capital accumulation and explanation of international systems on the basis of such integrated capiatlist approaches is at the focus of socialist concerns. Marxist theories see colonialism as a method of capital accummulation as captive markets show new forms of dependence on more developed countries. Marxist theories suggest that developed countries penetrate developing countries with missionaries, military power, multinational companies and political advisors to integrate these economies into a larger capitalist system. Within the context of developing societies being exploited considering their markets, natural resoruces and raw materials, Marxist theories also use the concept of social class with individuals comprising of the higher class of society being exploitative of the lower class using the sole aim of capital accumulation (Linklater 1990, Burchill 1996). Another critical theory would be social constructivism which gives an epistemological dimension to postpositivist theories and lies in between positivist and postpositivist perspectives. Social constructivism focuses not on the economic aspects, unlike Marxism but on the theory of social ideas or perception showing that international structure constitutes identities and interests of state. The focus of social constructivism is on the state and actions of the state and as constructvism suggests that views and ideas are constructed, social constructivism deals with human experience and social perception. Social constructivism is of the contention that all knowledge of reality including race and gender are actively created by social relationships and interactions and that all meaning are derived from social structures (Brown, 2001, Taylor 1978). The emphasis is thus on society, social meaning and social activity giving meaning to social interactions and reality. Critical constructivism would argue that all proof or fact as seen in empirical research as in natural sciences could be considered as a social or

The Impacts Of Ski Resorts On The Surrounding Environment Essay

The Impacts Of Ski Resorts On The Surrounding Environment - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the rise in tourism, and the resultant environmental and ecological inconsistencies arising out of the same, has led to an increased concern regarding the sustainability of the tourist destinations, as well as the surrounding environment. Governments, across the globe, are now increasingly and actively participating in efforts directed towards promoting eco-tourism, with a view to ensure maximum protection to the tourist destinations and to reduce the adverse environmental impacts arising out of increased human activities. There is now an increased emphasis on developing and implementing sustainable practices in ski-resorts particularly owing to the increase in ski tourism over the years. This is because Ski resorts which are mainly developed in mountainous regions where the impact of human activities is far more adverse as compared to other tourism destinations located at lower altitudes. For the purpose of this study, two qualitative research methods will be used, namely Literature review and Case study. The literature review will help in laying a basic foundation for the study, with a complete and comprehensive description of the prototypical sustainability measures that have been and can be undertaken at various levels to ensure the protection of wildlife habitat in and around ski-resorts. The validity of the claims made and observations as seen in the literature review can then be tested by way of case studies and comparing the same with other available information on ski resorts. Potential Ecological Impacts over the surroundings: The increase in human activity in mountainous regions, have contributed to the rise in global warming, primarily owing to the adverse environmental impacts caused by the development and construction of ski resorts. The constant rush of tourists, and the over the use of natural resources at popular ski resorts, take a toll on the surrounding environment, disturbing the natural habi tat in the process. Furthermore, the increasing popularity of ski resorts attracts tourists in hordes, thus leading to an increased pressure on the natural resources by way of increased demand and consumption of water, energy, and other natural resources, thus further raising deep concerns regarding its sustainability in the long run. Ski resorts, rely heavily on energy to lift and pump water to high altitudes, provide drinking water, operate heavy machinery, and fuel vehicles used for transportation. Furthermore, there are concerns regarding soil degradation caused by construction and constant human activities in ski resorts; leading to loss of vegetation, soil erosion and may lead to increased chances of floods. Flora and fauna are deeply affected due to activities such as the construction of ski slopes. The surrounding environment and the natural habitat of fauna are disturbed due to increased sound levels and noise pollution caused by tourists. Ecological Impacts on the birds' h abitat Almost all types of aspects of tourism have a direct or indirect impact on the wildlife in the surrounding areas.

Major Events during World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Major Events during World War II - Essay Example Rising to power by Adolf Hitler in the year 1933 reestablished the German army and prepared it well to participate in a war of invasion. Events took place during the World War II. Prior to the real war, growing of tension took about three years, which include the union of Germany and Austria, incursion of Czechoslovakia and Spanish Civil war. The result was the invasion of Poland by German army; war on Germany was declared just two days after the German attack on Poland by Britain and France. United States played a role in supplying Britain with war weapons but they did not take part in it (Alleman). Tripartite Pact Tripartite Pact was created and signed between Germany, Italy and Japan in 1940 with an aim of fostering peace among themselves and the entire world. The threes governments believed that in fostering peace, they would maintain a systematic way of doing things, promote partnership and prosperity among its people. In addition, it is the mandate of the three countries to col laborate with other countries in the globe. These countries in agreement, both recognize and respect the leadership of each country so that they could create new order of things in Europe and Middle Asia (Robinson). They also confirmed that their agreement had no impact on the political status that existed then between the constricting authorities and soviet Russia. The three countries agreed that the validity of the pact was to take effect immediately it was signed and was to last for ten years from the day of signing. Renewal of the pact would depend on negotiations between any of the countries and high constricting authorities. The Lend-Lease Act Lend-Lease Act was a United States Federal Government plan during World War II which was passed on March 11 1941. President Roosevelt authorized the act. United States provided this service with the aim of defending its country from external attacks as well as for economic benefits. This act provided United States with the ability to sup ply war materials and other resources to associated nations while it acted on neutral grounds (Kellogg p.330). The act was based on cash and carry grounds as a result of mutual understanding as a result of weak economic power of England which was unable to purchase and provide transport means for the materials which came to an end in 1945. Attack of Pearl Harbor Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor on the 7th day of December 1941which was the base of about 50000 American military; highest concentration of United States army was. Japanese carriers and ships that escorted the carriers positioned themselves some miles away from the target area and instigated its first group of fighters, bombers, and war planes. Their main aim was to destroy the U.S fleets; the battle ships, carriers and the aircraft (Gropman p.11). Many U.S soldiers were killed, the Pacific fleet of the U.S was damaged although temporarily, which was a success to the Japanese. It was out of this that United States of America affirmed war on Japan (Robinson). Battle of the Coral Sea In May 1942, battle of the Coral Sea was experienced. It was battled in the waters and was the first among the six pacific wars, which was between conflicting aircraft transporter military. The battle was as a result of the Japanese

Marketing Is The Life Blood Of Any Organisation Marketing Essay

Marketing Is The Life Blood Of Any Organisation Marketing Essay When people think of marketing, most would immediately think of it as a business trying to get the consumer to purchase its products. However the concept of marketing and the marketing process is much more complex than that assumption. Today, practically everything is marketed to some degree. The marketing of goods is the most obvious one, however you can consider places to be marketed, think of the government ministers mass exodus every saint patricks day under the guise of marketing Ireland to the rest of the world! Organizations, such as colleges and universities market themselves to prospective students. Sporting events such as the Cheltenham race festival or the six nations rugby engage in marketing. Even people are marketed as Kotler points out, some people have done a masterful job of marketing themselves- think of Madonna, Oprah Winfrey, the Rolling Stones, Aerosmith and Michael Jordan (Kotler, 2006 p8) The American Marketing Association defines marketing to be marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large AMA. (2007) Definition of Marketing. Available: http://www.marketingpower.com/aboutama/pages/definitionofmarketing.aspx Last Accessed 10 March 2010. As I previously stated the process of marketing is much more than a vendor trying to convince a consumer to purchase their product. It is about delivering value to the consumer, satisfying customer needs, meeting or exceeding customer expectations, creating strong brand identity, winning new customers and retaining current ones and companies being able to adapt to changing market conditions. The process of marketing occurs in a dynamic environment (Bradfield, 2010), that is constantly changing, however a core concept in the marketing process is the so called marketing mix or the 4 ps of marketing, first referred to by Jerome McCarthy in 1960. Available: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkBvzS_fJ2gfeature=related Last Accessed 11 March 2010. The marketing mix refers to product, price, place and promotion. When you talk of a product or service, you have to offer a product that fits the need of the consumer. Today, consumers have more choice than previous generations and are more demanding. It should satisfy other criteria such as product durability, product differentiation, i.e. what makes your product stand out from the crowd, what features does your product have, is there after sales care/warranties etc. The price of the product being offered has to take into account how much customers are willing to pay for your product and for the producer to make a profit. This is a dif ficult question to answer as a product that is priced too high in relation to other products may not sell well, however sometimes a higher price in the minds of consumers equals better quality for which some consumers are prepared to pay a premium for. But on the other hand a product that is priced too low, possibly on the assumption that it will win on price alone, may not sell well either as it is considered inferior to other similar products due to its low price. The place in the marketing mix is all about how the product or service gets to the consumer. It must be convenient for the consumer to access the product. This element of the mix is evident in the rise of businesses like Amazon.com that allow consumers to shop for goods 24/7 and have the goods delivered to them. And the last element of the mix, promotion refers to how the consumer is made aware that the product exists, of the benefits it can bring to them and the value of the product. As I said at the beginning of the paragraph marketing occurs in a dynamic environment and marketing thought is constantly changing. It must be pointed out however as Gareth Morgan shows in his book Riding the waves of change, that the 4ps takes the view from that of the producer, in that everything in it is from their point of view. Whereas marketing thought today tends to put the consumer at the centre and everything is geared towards meeting their needs rather than that of the producer. From a marketers point of view, it is impossible to satisfy everyone all of the time so marketers engage in what is called market segmentation. A market segment consists of a group of customers who share a similar set of needs and wants.(Kotler, 2006 p240) When marketers identify a market segment they can they target their efforts on that group. Markets can be broken up on a number of different basis. The process of market segmentation In marketing a product or service an organization can follow a mass marketing strategy or it can use the process of market segmentation. The mass marketing strategy(tied into the production concept, which I will detail in the next section) is probably now an outdated method of marketing for most products due to the sheer variety on offer to consumers. In pursuing a mass marketing strategy, a company targets a market as whole and offers the one product or service to the whole market. The company hopes for higher profits by engaging in mass production and mass distribution techniques, thereby lowering its overall costs. Examples of previous mass marketing strategies was Coca Cola who at first only produced one size bottle of coke. (Kotler, 2003, p279) The market segmentation process is what is practiced more commonly today. A market segment consists of a group of customers who share a similar set of wants. (Kotler, 2003,p279) In defining a market segment, Kotler talks of a seven step process. The first step is to group customers who have a similar needs. For example with cars you can identify groups who have a need for people carriers. The next step is for each identifiable market segment to break it down further by classing it according to other variables such as demographics(gender, race, age etc), behavioral patterns(usage, user status etc), and geographic variables. The third and fourth step combined is to take each segment that has been broken down and to establish how attractive each segment is to the organization based on factors such as profitability and segment size. Step five, after identifying a particular segments unique needs, the company must set forth a set of benefits to satisfy those needs (The product of the marketing mix) and it must determine a price for the product. The sixth step is to determine the attractiveness of each segments positioning strategy and finally to expand the positioning strategy to include the whole marketing mix. Marketing Concept The marketing process is all about the customer. The philosophy that the customer is king and is the core of the business. Kotler again speaks of six competing concepts under which the process of marketing is carried out. They are the production concept, product concept, marketing, selling, customer and societal concepts. The production concept is as I said previously tied in with mass marketing. The production concept does not take into account the consumers needs, rather it focuss on building a product and then trying to sell this to the consumer. The production process favors low cost due to high volume manufacturing. The product concept concentrates on building better quality products, with more features in the belief that is what consumers want. The selling concept is probably the concept most people equate with marketing. This is where a producer actively tries to sell its goods/services to consumers through advertising and aggressive selling. The risk with the selling concept is producers hope that consumers who do fall for the hard sell, will actually like the product. Obviously consumers may like the product and return to do more business but on the other hand they may hate it and actually bad mouth the product to friends. The marketing concept is more customer orientated than the previous concepts. Here the customer is king and everything the business does is centered on the needs of the customer. Marketing Plan BarryDoyleDesign Jewelers 1.Executive Summary Barry Doyle Design(BDD) Jewelers is a husband and wife operation that has been in business for several years. Barry has learned the trade from his father whilst Adrianna is a qualified gemologist. It specializes in custom made high end jewelery as well as holding a range of contemporary and Celtic themed stock jewelery. The business has targeted the wedding sector quite successfully in the past and through its website is also chasing international customers, especially those of Irish ancestry who would be interested in its Celtic line. 2. Situation Analysis BDD Jewelers products have been very well received and they have a percentage of returning customers. To grow the market, product awareness is called for through marketing at trade exhibitions and wedding fairs, an upgraded web site and a more visible shop location, funds permitting. The key target markets are couples seeking to marry, individuals looking for a unique product and those who make one off purchases for special occasions etc and to expand the business through targeting of galleries willing to stock the production jewelery. Due to the weakness of the US Dollar against the Euro in the last year, international sales has been slow, however with the expectant rise in the US economy that situation is expected to revert to past positive performance. The wedding market remains stable with modest growth forecast for the next year. 3. Market Demographics Due to the the firms use of the Internet, it has no defined geographical area. However a rough estimate is that 70% is from the domestic market while 30% make up the international side. The customer base is evenly split between men and women. The largest age group who make a purchase is those in the 25-40 bracket and in the middle to high income bracket. 3.1 Market Needs BDD Jewelers provides its customers with a wide variety of jewelery. As a business it seeks to provide to its customers jewelery of the highest craftsmanship coupled with unique and contemporary designs. A first class after sales service is provided, jewelery resizing and jewelery repair. 4. SWOT Analysis Strengths Good reputation among customers Central location Quality Workmanship Good access and relationship with suppliers Weaknesses Poor shop visibility Limited marketing budget in comparison to larger retailers Due to business size possible problems in meeting supply requirements Opportunities Government incentives for small business Threats Economic slowdown can have a negative effect on the amount of discretionary income people have for luxury items Inferior quality products 5. Market Assumptions The fore casted market growth in the sector for the the next 3 to 5 years is 9%. The threat of new custom made jewelers to the market remains small, due in part to the high skill involved and start up costs, however the larger jeweler chains may become more aggressive in their pricing and marketing which could affect sales of our stock production lines. 6. Strategic Intent The businesses core marketing objectives over the next year is to make inroads into getting the stock production line into third party retailers such as niche high end jewelers (galleries)and to develop the wedding market with more visible promotion of the business at wedding fares. An overhaul of the website is required to make it look more appealing. In the mid to long term, a new future premises is needed(most likely in the same general area) with more exposure to pedestrian traffic. With projected growth in the business, the employment of more skilled craftsmen to met demand for the custom designed jewelery side of the business. The possibility of forming partnerships with Irish distributors in the US market with the help of the IDA. 7. Marketing Mix Strategies BDD Jewelers marketing mix is made up of the following A. Product..Will strive to produce the highest custom made jewelery alongside a more affordable yet equally high quality range of stock jewelery. B. Price..Will vary according to specific customer requirement such as gemstones for the setting or the level of detail required. In the stock range, price is comparable to major retailers. C. Promotion..Due to high return for custom designs, it is felt that an increased marketing campaign be engaged upon. This will be achieved through magazine advertising, networking, website links, the yellow pages and trade/fashion shows. D. Place..For internationally received orders, delivery is via UPSFedEx express delivery. Domestic orders can also be shipped with tracking or can be picked up in store. 8. Sales Forecast In year one, months 1 to 3 will be spent trying to establish a foothold within the gallery market. It is expected after month 3 sales to this sector will begin incrementally. Within a three month period sales will be rising also in the wedding market sector due to an increase in the visibility of the business at wedding fairs and an advertising campaign in magazines etc. 9. Implementation In order to achieve desired results, the following milestones must be met on time and in budget. A. The development of the plan B. Identify the channels to be used in the marketing plan C. Establish a review process

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Children's Comprehension of Television Messages The literature surveyed so far regarding children's attention to television has relied on observation of visual attention by the child viewers. Measures of visual attention alone do not provide an indication of what aspects of the message children are extracting from the television screen. In order to acquire indications of this, researchers have relied on post-viewing measures of children's recognition and recall of information from the program. This research will be considered in this section on children's understanding of television messages. Here the concern is not with what children are looking at and listening to, but what they remember from the TV and what meaning the TV content has for them. Much of the research which has adopted a cognitive developmental perspective on studies of children and television has examined children's comprehension of television messages. The underlying assumption of these studies is that children bring different cognitive abilities and social experiences to the TV-viewing situation and that these influence how children made sense of the messages. Younger children with more limited inference-making ability are more likely to focus on the consequences of actions rather than the motivations of the actors, and often are shown to construe the television plot line quite differently from children and adults. The way in which children construe meaning from television cannot be directly inferred from cognitive development theory. Cognitive development theory may aid us in describing how children make sense of television, but we should examine children's understanding of television directly. How, then, has cognitive development the... ...hat appropriate learning materials will be developed to teach children about the medium of television, both its programming and advertising content. Such materials should help children overcome their misunderstandings of television messages. By improving the skills children bring to the viewing situation we may be able to moderate the impact television has on the child. NOTES The argument advanced here does not mean to imply, however, that children are as active when watching television as they are when engaged in athletics or doing other sorts of activities. Activity here is relative. Multidimensional scaling is a statistical technique that looks at how subject's ratings of a variety of variables group together; that is, it seeks to determine underlying dimensions which describe the relationship among a set of variables for a given group of subjects.

Of Mice and Men – Isolation – Curley’s Wife

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Contemporary Parallels of The Prince, by Machiavelli essays From the very first page, Niccolo Machiavellis book, The Prince, contains data that can be compared to the ideals of today. The Prince describes the qualities one needs to be a strong, efficient, and successful ruler. It discusses ways a leader can maintain his kingdom and how to gain control of new land. I believe that the leadership qualities mentioned throughout this book are needed by all leaders no matter which time period they are in and in this paper I intend to show how the principles of yesterday are relevant today. The first quality that I found in Machiavelli, which I could compare to today, is that Machiavelli was a well-rounded individual who had a talent outside of politics. His ability to write helped bring both respect and awe. President Clinton has the same kind of talent. Clintons ability to play the saxophone probably did not win him any votes, but it did help to make him likeable to the American people. This is an important quality because it will help him retain power in the future. Another parallel found in this book is that no leader should have any serious vices. In Machiavellis time, it was important for a person to be virtuous, but no too virtuous. His time was a time of kingdoms and empires so it was important for a person to appeal to the people, to look proper and wholesome. However, if a person appears to virtuous his people will not have faith that he will do whatever it takes to protect the people who live in his kingdom from those trying to take it over. This same quali ty is needed today for a person to be a good leader. In our democratic society it is so very important for a political leader to appeal to the people. If a person does not appear to be virtuous he will not receive votes because people will not feel comfortable with the choices he may make for the country. If a political leader appears to be too virtuous to the people he will not receive votes. In this case he will n...

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USTDA1 essays After going to the Tradeport website, I have decided to do my paper on a US federal government agency. I explored a few of the agencies and decided to choose the US Trade and Development Agency. The US Trade and Development Agency (TDA) is a small independent agency. It is comprised of about forty-one people. The director is Mr. J. Joseph Grandmaison, who was nominated by President Bill Clinton. The TDA with the help of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee works with the Department of Commerce, the Export-Import Bank, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and other agencies to advance American business interest in other countries. They are primarily involved in the agriculture, energy, environment, health care, information technology manufacturing, mining and mineral development, telecommunications, transportation, and water resources areas. This is the TDA Mission Statement: The U. S. Trade and Development Agency assists in the creation of jobs for Americans by helping U.S. companies pursue overseas business opportunities. Through the funding of feasible studies, orientation visits, specialized training grants, business workshops, and various forms of technical assistance, we enable American businesses to compete for infrastructure and industrial projects in middle-income and developing countries (1). The TDA funds project planning activities which directly influences the decisions related to major industrial projects. In other words, these are projects that represent millions of dollars in US export potential. TDA works to ensure that the services and products needed for projects will be stamped Made in the USA (How TDA Operates 1). An example of some of the goods and services are radar for airports in Asia and process controls for refineries in Latin America. The TDA is active in over forty countries throughout the world. Sometimes, however, statutory, and policy restraints e...

Introduction to Organisations and Management Essay - 6

Introduction to Organisations and Management - Essay Example In this work, we assess two organizations from the perspective of the science of organisations and management. As we make the assessment, we identify some of the most useful lessons from the module. The objectives of this work are as follows: 1. Compare two firms and use concepts and perspectives from the science of organisations and management that are useful for comparing and assessing the firms. 2. Analyze firm operations using perspectives from organisations and management. 3. Apply the relevant concepts and perspectives from organisations and management in forwarding recommendations on the how problems and situations articulated on the two firms can be addressed. In the discussion, we use a report rather than an essay format. In our analysis, we are also informed by the theories discussed in Module BB115007S conducted by Ms. H. McIntosh of the Anglia Ruskin University. 2.0. Overview on the Firms Being Compared 2.1. The two firms being assessed and compared in this work are Watso ns Engine Components and H&M Consulting. The two business organisations are disparate. 2.2. Watsons Engine Components is a family-owned company engaged in mass-producing parts for car engines. Its plant is in northeast England. The firm employs 200 people, comprising of 125 semi-skilled production workers, 15 clerical workers, 20 technical staff, and 40 managers. The plant is â€Å"highly unionised† with one union for the manual and clerical staff. There is a long history of poor relations between the union and management marked by industrial actions. Watsons has been described as successful in maintaining market share in the last several years. However, car manufacturing firms who are Watsons’ customers are in a highly competitive environment and have the option to get their supplies from abroad. Watsons is encountering the following challenges: order times are getting short, contract prices are becoming lower, and quality standards are becoming higher. Despite the ab ility to maintain a market share, maintaining its market share is a continuing challenge for Watsons in a globalized market. Watsons plant is small and â€Å"relatively old-fashioned†. Yet, at the same time, the firm is described to have â€Å"sufficient capital† to replace some of its machinery and technological systems. 2.3. Meanwhile, H&M Consulting is â€Å"a large global management, engineering and development consultancy.† The company has grown through merger and acquisitions. At first, H&M was established from the merger of two consultancy firms. Later on, H&M purchased several companies in the Romania, the Netherlands, and the USA. H&M Operations now cover 120 countries employing 13,000 staff. The company is in transport, energy, buildings, water, the environment, health, education, and communications. H&M Consulting caters to clients in both the private and public sectors. 2.4. A part of the explanation on why the two firms differ in their management an d organization is in their business orientation: one firm is global and the other tends to transact with local clients and belongs to an old industry in the United Kingdom. Of course, this does not mean that all firms oriented to the local market are managed along traditional lines. Students of management are exposed to various schools of modern thought. Unfortunately, some of the

Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Business Management - Essay Example The present discourse is an in-depth evaluation of operations management from a strategic operations management perspective. Hence, establishing a link between operations strategy and corporate strategy will help in analyzing how and what competitive priorities are chosen by organisations. Further, key management functions such as planning, controlling, coordinating, and leadership are applied to operations management. These aspects of operations management are studied taking the example of the Toyota Production System. Operations refer to all the activities performed by an organisation in order to produce products or services. Management of these activities directly related to the production of goods and services is termed as operations management. For example, activities related to banking, transportation, shipping, and manufacturing of goods or products such as automobiles, food items, textiles etc all constitute operations management (Chase Jacobs & Aquilano, 2005). ... roduction, planning and designing production processes of goods and services, and also effective integration of marketing, finance, human resources management and strategy which facilitate the business to enter the market and also compete with both new and existing organisations in the market. In other words, operations management helps the firm to establish itself and also provide operational capabilities that promote its success and sustainability. Operations management involves complex processes that are interdependent; the core processes involve capacity planning, supply management, inventory management, quality and efficiency, technology and systems and human resources management. Theoretical aspects of operations management in manufacturing and service industries constitute a combination of three distinct functions, strategic functions, tactical functions and operational planning and control functions (Chase et al, 2005). The main management functions such as planning, organisi ng, controlling and leadership are applicable to operations management. Main operational processes in operations management include planning, production, purchasing or inventory management, supply chain management, distribution and marketing. All operations functions are strategically aligned to its larger or strategic business goals. Thus, operations functions are designed based on strategic decisions that match the organisational strategies (Heizer & Render, 2008). These strategic decisions are referred to as operations strategies. These strategic decisions define the conditions in which operations will be carried out in short and long terms. Operations strategies are the total pattern of decisions which shape the long-term capabilities of an operation and their contribution to overall

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industry Coursework

An analysis of GSK and the pharma industry - Coursework Example This is for the period of the last two years. For example, the share prices of GSK as of July 2014 were 1,568 pounds, and this was an increase of 4 pounds from the previous share prices of 1564 pounds in June (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to explain that its stock price between the periods of September 2013 to May 2014 was fluctuating in nature. For example, in September 2013, the closing share price of the company was 1,557 pounds, while in December 2013 the closing share prices were 1,611 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that during this period, the share prices of the company were on a steady increase. However, during the months of January and February 2014, there was a significant drop in the share prices of GSK, with the closing share of the company in January standing at 1, 564, and in February the stock price increased to 1671. These fluctuating share prices were experienced during the periods of March to July 2014 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). It is important to denote that the share prices of GSK between July 2013 to July 2014 was a significant increase from the previous share prices of GSK between July 2012 to July 2013. For example, the closing share price of the company in the month of July 2012 was 1,468 pounds; on the other hand, the closing share price of the company in July 2013 was 1,684 (GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This is a significant increase of about 216 pounds. It is important to denote that during this period of July 2013 to July 2013, the share prices of the company traded at very low prices, with the lowest closing price being 1,334 pounds. This was t he closing share price of November 2012(GSK.L Historical Prices, 2014). This was partly because of the medical scandals that affected the company. Despite these scandals, the share prices of the company increased steadily during these two years of

America’s Greatest Challenge in the 21st Century Essay Example for Free

America’s Greatest Challenge in the 21st Century Essay Throughout the 21st century, United States of America has been plagued by so many crisis and challenges that put the integrity and strength of its government on test. But perhaps the most harrowing ordeal the country has ever experienced was the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 which claimed more than two thousand lives, mostly innocent civilians. United States has considered terrorism, coupled with nuclear threats, its greatest challenge ever. Organized terrorists from hostile nations target America. Since the nation is very superior in conventional warfare compared to its adversaries, terrorists deviate from non-conventional warfare and resort to nuclear terrorism. Technology is helping these criminals to undertake their evil scheme. In nuclear terrorism, the terrorist use nuclear weapons, including radiological weapons, to cause massive destructions to humanity to attain their political or religious ideals. Terrorists pose great threats by utilizing or exploiting nuclear in a number of ways: 1) They can attack nuclear facilities for the purpose of melting down the nuclear reactor and releasing the toxic substance inside.  The power plant will cause radioactive contamination and will result into great casualties. Such incident my equal or exceed the catastrophe brought by the Chernobyl in 1986. 2) They can create dirty bomb which is loaded with radioactive materials and a conventional explosive. Upon detonation, it releases radioactive and highly poisonous particles in the air. Terrorists find this appealing since it is very successful in instilling fear and panic. Further, its contaminating effect is long-lasting. 3) They can create improvised nuclear device (IND). This bomb uses low-grade nuclear substance but the effect is still devastating. ) They can buy ready-made nuclear weapons in the black market. This way, all they have to do is read the manual, set the weapon and detonate it. Presto! Hundreds of civilians lie lifeless on the street. 5) They can create a full- blown nuclear bomb. This may not be highly probable, but it is still possible. Organized terrorists, including those who are supported by the hostile nations, have the technology, money and capability to design and fabricate a nuclear bomb. The danger is very clear: the spectre of nuclear attack on the American soil looms and it is getting clearer each day. Wrong hands are holding nuclear weapons; the wrong hands who desire nothing but to kill Americans and destroy American power. America is a powerful and rich country. It can easily build a nuclear weapon and bomb those nations who cuddle terrorists. † Fight fire with fire. † However, that is easier said than done. There are several and less violent, yet effective, ways for America to fight nuclear terrorism. First, all nuclear weapons, materials and facilities must be secured and well-protected. This way, it prevents any plan of the terrorists to attack, sabotage or steal these things. This includes the intensive drive of the government to eliminate or confiscate all nuclear weapons and materials held by unauthorized individuals and arrest anybody who is caught selling these deadly things. Second, stiff sanction must be imposed to any nation or country that sponsor any act of terrorism. America should be firm with this one. Without any sponsor and a base, terrorism and terrorist will surely cease to prosper. Third, investigating and counter-terrorism tools must be upgraded to match the sophistication of terrorists. Aside from that, the agencies must not keep the reports to themselves. They must share information not to the public but with the other agencies. They must have transparency to compare notes and information. Lastly, the American citizens must be educated about all kinds of terrorism. Information drive should be conducted. If possible, civilians should be given authority to make an arrest if necessary. This way, ordinary citizen can help distinguish any terrorism even before the act is committed. With knowledgeable civilians around, detection of terrorism will not be limited to the authority alone; thus the long arm of the law is made even longer and prevention rate of terrorism will be much higher.